Freshwater supply (Ferskvandsforsyning)
|
Denmark
2000
|
Freshwater
is used in all processes in the food products' product chains.
Process description
The present data refer to freshwater production and distribution in the
Copenhagen area, Denmark. Groundwater is the main source of freshwater (99%) in this area and the
water is obtained by suction from the ground. After a minor treatment (oxygenation,
filtering and storage) the water is distributed to consumers by pumping. The groundwater is high quality, the distribution is safe and tap water is portable.
Data collection and treatment
The present data are obtained directly from Copenhagen Water's green account 1999.
Original data are derived from 7 waterworks with 756 wells. The data presented
here are average hereof.
Technical scope
Electricity consumption
associated with pumping from the ground to the consumer as well as consumption
of chemicals
due to water treatment processes are included.
Construction of pipelines and waterworks
are not included. Treatment
of surface water (1% of total) has not been considered. Solid waste
generation at water works has not been considered.
Representativity
The present data provides a representative average of freshwater production
and distribution in Copenhagen area. Freshwater production and
distribution may be different in other parts of the country and
the representativity on
a national scale is unknown although inputs and outputs are supposedly
the same order of magnitude.
Validation
Data
have not been validated.
Inputs and outputs
Inputs
and outputs associated with freshwater
production are shown in the table below.
Data
are provided per m3
freshwater delivered at the consumers tap.
The total electricity consumption of 0.36 kWh is a
sum of 0.26 kwh for pumping and treatment and 0.1 kWh for distribution
to consumers.
|
|
|
Unit |
Quantity |
|
Input |
Water in the ground |
m3 |
1.05
|
|
|
Electricity |
kWh |
0.36 |
|
|
Sodiumhypochlorite |
g |
4 |
|
|
Ammoniumsulphate |
g |
0.46 |
|
|
Sodiumhydroxide |
g |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Output |
Water in the
consumer's
tap |
m3 |
1.00
|
| Location
in database: Material/Others/Water
(tap) |
References
Københavns
vand- grønt regnskab 1999.
Administrative information
Data URL: http://www.lcafood.dk/processes/watersupply/freshwater.htm
Version no.: 1.00
Authors: Per H. Nielsen, 2.-0
LCA Consultants
Data entry: Data have been entered in this format by Per H. Nielsen
Data completed: July
2003.
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